مطالعه تطبیقی نظریه‌های تصمیم‌گیری و انتخاب تحصیلی ـ شغلی: راهبردی برای ارزیابی و بهبود برنامه هدایت تحصیلی ـ شغلی نظام آموزش ‌و پرورش ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوری ریاست جمهوری و دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی مطالعات برنامه درسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روش‌ها و برنامه‌های آموزشی و درسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه جامعه و پیشرفت، پژوهشکدۀ مطالعات فناوری نهاد ریاست جمهوری، تهران، ایران

10.22034/emes.2023.562164.2417

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف مطالعه تطبیقی نظریه‌های تصمیم‌گیری و انتخاب تحصیلی ـ شغلی و به‌منظور ارائۀ راهبردی برای ارزیابی و بهبود برنامه هدایت تحصیلی ـ شغلی نظام آموزش‌وپرورش ایران انجام شده است.
روش پژوهش: این پژوهش با رویکرد تطبیقی و با روش تحلیلی ـ اسنادی صورت پذیرفته است. بنابراین، اسناد نظری با بهره‌گیری از کلیدواژه‌های مرتبط و کتابخانه‌های دیجیتال و پایگاه‌های داده آنلاین گردآوری و از طریق فیش‌برداری محقق ساخته و تکنیک‌های تلخیص و طبقه‌بندی داده‌ها تحلیل گردیدند. جهت بررسی اعتبار یافته‌ها از معیارهای خود بازبینی محقق در طی فرایند جمع‌آوری و تحلیل داده‌ها و همچنین از توسعه و توصیف غنی داده‌ها جهت اطمینان از قابلیت انتقال‌پذیری استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: عوامل اثرگذار در هدایت تحصیلی ـ شغلی مبتنی بر نظریه‌های ارائه‌شده را می‌توان در سه بخش، شامل عوامل فردی، عوامل اجتماعی و عوامل محیطی ـ اجتماعی دسته‌بندی نمود. نتایج ارزیابی برنامه هدایت تحصیلی ـ شغلی نظام آموزش و پرورش ایران با طبقه‌بندی احصاء شده نیز نشان داد، علیرغم توجه به برخی از این عوامل، اما برنامه هدایت تحصیلی ـ شغلی در اجرا چندان موفق نبوده است.
نتیجه‌گیری: اثربخشی برنامه های هدایت تحصیلی ـ شغلی مستلزم شناسایی و درنظر گرفتن همه عوامل اثرگذار در این حوزه است. در این زمینه  با طراحی و اجرا برنامه درسی هدایت تحصیلی ـ شغلی می توان تمام عوامل و ملاک‌هایی که در پایگاه نظری به‌عنوان عوامل مهم در انتخاب تحصیلی ـ شغلی مطرح شده‌اند را طی فرایند و گام‌های سیستماتیک در کل مقاطع تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان در نظر گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative study of decision ـ making theories and educational ـ career choice: A strategy for evaluating and improving the educational ـ career guidance program of Iran's education system

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrooz Rahimi 1
  • Rezvan Hakimzadeh 2
  • Mohammad Javadipour 2
  • Keyvan Salehi 2
  • Mohammad Khademi Kolehlou 3
1 Researcher of society and progress Department, Institute of technology studies & PhD Candidate of curriculum studies, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Curriculum Development & Instruction Methods, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 ,Assistant Professor, Department of Progress and Society, Technology studies institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: The current research was conducted with the aim of comparative study of decision ـ making theories and educational ـ career choice and in order to provide a strategy for evaluating and improving the educational ـ career guidance program of Iran's education system.
Methods:  This research was done with a comparative approach and with an analytical ـ documentary method. Therefore, the theoretical documents were collected using related keywords and digital libraries and online databases and were analyzed through the researcher's flash capture and data summarization and classification techniques. In order to check the validity of the findings, the researcher's self ـ review criteria were used during the process of data collection and analysis, as well as the development and rich description of the data to ensure transferability.
Results: The effective factors in educational ـ career guidance based on the presented theories can be categorized into three parts, including individual factors, social factors and environmental ـ social factors. The results of the evaluation of Iran's educational ـ career guidance program with the statistical classification also showed that, despite paying attention to some of these factors, the educational ـ career guidance program has not been very successful in implementation.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of educational ـ career guidance programs requires identifying and considering all the influencing factors in this field. In this context, by designing and implementing the educational ـ career guidance curriculum, all the factors and criteria that have been proposed in the theoretical base as important factors in choosing an educational ـ career can be taken into account during the process and systematic steps in the entire educational levels of the students.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Theory
  • choice
  • educational ـ career
  • evaluation
  • education
  • Iran

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