بررسی برنامه درسی کارشناسی پیوسته مهندسی معماری از منظر دانش‌آموختگان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده معماری، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی میزان کارآمدی دو برنامه‌ درسی فعلی کارشناسی پیوسته مهندسی معماری (ارائه شده توسط دانشگاه تهران و دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد) بر اساس نظر دانش‌آموختگان است. بدین منظور، سوال اصلی میزان رضایت دانش‌آموختگان از کمیت و کیفیت دروس رشته معماری را در سه حوزه درسی "طراحی"، "تاریخ و مبانی نظری" و "فن ساختمان" مورد بررسی قرار می‌دهد. روش پژوهش: برای نیل به هدف پژوهش از رویکرد کیفی و ابزار پرسشنامه و مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته استفاده شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش را 76 دانش‌آموخته معماری از ورودی 1378 تا 1393 از 18 دانشگاه کشور تشکیل دادند. یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته­ها، از لحاظ کمیت، حوزه "طراحی" بالاترین (با امتیاز زیاد 27.8 درصد) و حوزه "فن ساختمان" پایین‌ترین (با امتیاز زیاد 24.04 درصد) را دارا هستند و حوزه "تاریخ و مبانی نظری"، با امتیاز زیاد 24.75 درصد، در میانه قرار دارد. از منظر کیفیت نیز، حوزه "طراحی" با امتیاز 32.65 درصد، بیشترین میزان مطلوبیت را داشته و حوزه‌های "فن ساختمان" و "تاریخ و مبانی نظری" به ترتیب با امتیازهای 18.42 و 15.95 درصد، در مراتب بعدی از منظر کیفیت قرار گرفته­اند. به این ترتیب بیشترین امتیاز توأمان کمیت و کیفیت را دروس حوزه "طراحی" کسب کرده و امتیاز توأمان دو حوزه دیگر تقریبا مشابه با یکدیگر است. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین میزان رضایت از حوزه "طراحی معماری" و "فن ساختمان" وجود دارد. همچنین آشکار شدن لایه پوچ یا به بیان دیگر مباحث مورد غفلت واقع شده در دروس "ارائه به کمک رایانه"، "نقشه‌برداری" و "متره و برآورد" درستی حذف آن‌ها از برنامه پیشنهادی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد را با پرسش روبرو می‌سازد. اما به نظر می‌رسد انتقال درس "اصول مرمت و حفاظت" از دروس اصلی به اختیاری در این برنامه تصمیم مناسبی بوده است. در پایان با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش آشکار می‌گردد که نیاز به تغییر رویکرد در آموزش معماری و یکپارچه‌سازی تدریس سه حوزه مذکور با یکدیگر در بازنگری هر دو برنامه وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of Bachelor Architecture’s Curricula from the viewpoint of Graduates

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parastoo Eshrati 1
  • Roza Vakilinezhad 2
1 Department of Architecture, School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz University
چکیده [English]

Objective: The purpose of this paper is investigating the effectiveness of the two current Bachelor Architecture’s Curricula (presented by the University of Tehran and Ferdowsi University of Mashhad) based on the views of graduates. ​The main question examines the degree of satisfaction of graduates with the quantity and quality of three main areas of courses including "design", "history and theoretical foundations" and "building technology".Methods: To achieve the purpose of the research, a qualitative approach and a questionnaire and semi-structured interview methods were used. The statistical population of the study consist of 76 graduates in architecture, from 18 universities in the country, 1999 to 2014.Results: According to the results, in terms of quantity, the fields of "design" and "construction technology" have the highest (with a high score of 27.8%) and the lowest (with a high score of 24.04%) scores, respectively, and the "history and theoretical foundations" field is in the middle, having a high score of 24.75%. In terms of quality, the "design" field with a score of 32.65%, has the highest degree of desirability, and the fields of "construction technology" and "history and theoretical foundations" with scores of 18.42 and 15.95%, respectively, are the next. Therefore, the highest score of quantity and quality together, is gained by the courses in the field of "design", and the score of the other two fields is almost similar to each other.Conclusion: The results showed that there are the highest and lowest levels of satisfaction in the area of "architectural design" and "building technology", respectively. Based on the revelation of the Null curriculum as the missed subjects in the courses “Application of Computer in Architectural Design", "Cartography" and "Building Cost Estimation", their removal from the curriculum of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad is open to question. But it seems that the transfer of the "Historic Conservation" course from the main courses to the optional one in this curriculum was a right decision. ​This study reveals that regardless of which curricula is implemented, it is necessary to change the approach in architectural education and integrate the teaching of the three mentioned areas to improve the quality

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bachelor of Architecture
  • Curricula
  • Graduates
  • University of Tehran
  • Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
  • Curriculum Review
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