مطالعات اندازه گیری و ارزشیابی آموزشی

مطالعات اندازه گیری و ارزشیابی آموزشی

تحلیل کیفی پدیده تقلب در بین داوطلبان کنکور سراسری با تأکید بر سرمایه اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
دانشیارگروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آیت الله بروجردی، بروجرد، ایران
10.22034/emes.2025.2025084.2552
چکیده
هدف: پژوهش حاضر باهدف مطالعه کیفی پدیده تقلب و فریبکاری تحصیلی در بین داوطلبان کنکور سراسری سال ۱۳۹۸-۱۴۰۲ با تأکید بر سرمایه اجتماعی انجام گرفته است.
روش پژوهش: روش اصلی مورداستفاده در این پژوهش روش تلفیقی می­باشد. این روش به دو بخش کمی و کیفی تقسیم شده که در بخش کیفی با روش نظریه داده بنیاد به جمع­آوری و تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده­های پژوهش پرداخته­ شد روش نمونه­گیری در بخش کیفی به شکل سهمیه­ای بوده است، همچنین در بخش کمی با تکنیک پیمایش و با ابزار پرسشنامه و با روش نمونه­گیری طبقه­ای تعداد ۳۸۳ نفر از داوطلبان متخلف مصاحبه به عمل آمده است.
یافته‌ها: یافته­های بخش کیفی نشان داد که با استفاده از تکنیک نظریه زمینه­ای پدیدۀ تقلب و فریبکاری تحصیلی بر اثر شرایط علی (فشار اجتماعی، احساس نابرابری و الگویابی غلط) ظهور یافته و بستر حاکم بر آن در قالب شرایط زمینه­ای چون (سن، جنس، تحصیلات، شغل، درآمد) شرایط را برای این امر فراهم کرده است، که طراحان آزمون در مواجهه با آن استراتژی مقابله­ای (تکثر و پراکندگی آموزشی) را به کار گرفته و شرایط مداخله­گر (رسانه محرک، عدم پایبندی به مبانی اخلاقی و ضعف در کنترل اجتماعی) بر پدیده تقلب و فریبکاری تحصیلی اثر گذاشته و در نهایت پیامد آن (دوگانگی درک تقلب) بوده است. در بخش کمی نیز تأثیر متغیر سرمایه اجتماعی و ابعاد آن بر پدیده تقلب و فریبکاری تحصیلی مورد سنجش قرار گرفت که ارتباط بین متغیر سرمایه اجتماعی و اعتماد اجتماعی با متغیر تقلب تحصیلی معنادار و بین دو بعد مشارکت و حمایت اجتماعی با پدیده تقلب و فریبکاری تحصیلی رابطه معناداری مشاهده نگردید.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته­های به دست آمده از داده­های پژوهش در بخش کمی رویکردهای نظری همسو با یافته­های پژوهش بوده و در بخش کیفی نیز یافته­ها با تحقیقات پیشین همخوانی دارد، با توجه به این امر هرگاه شرایط اجتماعی و محیطی در یک جامعه به شکلی باشد که افراد جامعه احساس آنومی و بی­هنجاری داشته باشند، در انجام رفتارهای کج­روانه نظیر تقلب و فریبکاری تحصیلی ترسی به خود راه نداده و به‌راحتی آن را انجام می­دهند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Qualitative analysis of the phenomenon of cheating among national entrance exam candidates with an emphasis on social capital

نویسنده English

Mohammadreza Hosseini
Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran
چکیده English

Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of qualitatively studying the phenomenon of academic cheating and cheating among the candidates of the national entrance exam of 2023-2018 with an emphasis on social capital.
Methods: The main method used in this research is the integrated method. This method is divided into two parts, quantitative and qualitative, and in the qualitative part, data collection and analysis of the research data were done with the foundational data theory method. The sampling method in the qualitative part was quota, and in the quantitative part, 383 delinquent volunteers were interviewed with the survey technique and with the questionnaire tool and with the stratified sampling method.
Results: The findings of the qualitative part showed that by using the contextual theory technique, the phenomenon of academic cheating and cheating emerged as a result of causal conditions (social pressure, feeling of inequality, and wrong modeling) and its governing context in the form of contextual conditions. Because (age, sex, education, job, income) has provided the conditions for this, that the designers of the test used a coping strategy (multiplicity and dispersion of education) and the intervening conditions (stimulating media, non-adherence to moral principles and weakness in social control) affected the phenomenon of academic cheating and cheating and in the ultimate consequence has been (dual perception of fraud). In the quantitative part, the impact of the social capital variable and its dimensions on the phenomenon of academic fraud and cheating was measured, and the relationship between the variable of social capital and social trust with the variable of academic fraud was significant, and between the two dimensions of participation and social support with the phenomenon of academic fraud and cheating.
Conclusion: the findings obtained from the research data, in the quantitative part, the theoretical approaches are in line with the research findings, and in the qualitative part, the findings are consistent with the previous researches. The social and environmental conditions in a society should be such that the people of the society feel anomie and abnormal, they do not feel afraid in doing deviant behaviors such as cheating and academic cheating and they do it easily.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Keywords: cheating
academic cheating
social capital
integrated method
national exam

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